Fig. 3. ICV injection of PNU modulated hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in the modulation of food intake. PNU (450 picomol/mouse) was administered by ICV injection; after 40 minutes, the hypothalamus was removed. (A) POMC mRNA (saline n = 5, PNU n = 4) (B)α-MSH (saline n = 4, PNU n = 4) (C) NPY mRNA (saline n = 5, PNU n = 4) (D) AgRP mRNA (saline n = 5, PNU n = 4) (E) pAMPK (saline n = 4, PNU n = 4). For relative gene expression analysis, ACTB was used as the endogenous control. Student's t-test analysis was used * p <0.05, *** p <0.001. HYPO=Hypothalamus.